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In 1850, a 15 year old servant from London arrived in Fresh York Big apple with $10 in his pocket. He found a emplacement as “pot walloper” or dishwasher at an upscale restaurant and began a lifelong passion with exceptional dining. From this portentous beginning, Fred Harvey would change the habit people West of the Mississippi dined, spawn a marketing mechanism that helped engender the mankind’s largest railroad, champion women in the work weight, and erect an empire.
As Fred Harvey worked his functioning west, stopping in Modish Orleans, St. Louis, and Kansas Metropolis, he acquired expertise of the restaurant industry. When he wasn’t on the down waiting tables, he was asking questions of chefs and erudition the entirety he possibly could about every circumstance of the industry. His aspiration was to own his own restaurant, and in that endeavor, he accepted a lucrative attitude as a traveling cargo advocate on the Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad. Traveling conditions were frightful in the delayed 1860’s and at 1870’s. Trains were dusty and brim-full of mice and flies. Experienced travelers filled to the gunwales their own picnic of fried chicken, thorny boiled eggs, cheese and possibly a portion of cake. When that ran minus, you were artificial to disembark the procession and pinch your chances on whatever was to hand at the station all victorian epicure recipes.
Along the functioning, anything was possible. At vanquish, anybody could expect gamy, distasteful coffee, brewed in a wink a week. Stale rations was common as well as GI difficulty and affliction from viands, and the consternation of being left-hand behind in the medial of nowhere made travelers devour as unrestrainedly as reasonable, scrambling to wring endorse on the train. Scam artists negotiated with railroad workers to cheat travelers. Before reaching a sojourn, the conductor would steal reservations requiring a 50 cent deposit. When the escort arrived at the station, the food would be served scarcely as the conductor called, “All Aboard!” As the travelers ran underwrite, the restaurateur would muster the victuals back into pots in regard to the next discipline passengers and give the railroaders 10 cents per avert as their take. These conditions and scams made staff voyage dangerous to complete’s strength, and as he worked his way across the West, Harvey realized that there was a retail payment uncontaminated restaurants serving good victuals at moderate prices along the line.
In 1875, he approached officials at the Burlington Railroad with his idea of chance restaurants at the household depots. Railroad officials had no consideration in supplying rations and laughed him out like a light of their office. But as he left the office, inseparable of the officials commented that he should make a proposal to the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad, which was the most like greased lightning expanding railroad in the West. Santa Fe liked the impression and a partnership was formed. Harvey opened the sooner restaurant, The Harvey House, in Topeka, Kansas in 1875. It was an immediate big name, not at best with travelers, but with adjoining residents as well. Within 9 years, there were 17 Harvey Houses along the Santa Fe course, and the win initially restaurant “manacle” was born.
Because of Harvey, his restaurants and the impetuous stretching of the West, Santa Fe became the opening night voyager railroad, as travelers could be assured of detailed meals in clean dining rooms. Harvey was a shrewd negotiator. When he negotiated his second covenant with Santa Fe, he obtained absolute rights to all restaurants along their line. Not only did he secure exclusivity, but the railroad supplied the edifice and property, allowance in return Harvey employees, and brand-new laundry, healthy all natural recipes for kids ice, eatables, and produce shipped in daily.
Harvey’s only question was his wait staff. The waiters were undependable, coming to production well-oiled, picking fights, and destroying group property. No one civilized wanted to accomplishment loose West. Where could he bother decent, dependable help? Women.
In the 1890’s, the merely women in the West were either saloon girls or married women with families and farms. It was properly the Desert, Wayward West, chock-a-block of cowboys, gunslingers, scam artists and roughnecks. An gauche circumstances to be. So, Harvey did something undoubtedly revolutionary. He placed an ad in East Seashore papers in regard to women 18 – 30 years of mature, interesting, well-read, and decent. Harvey offered area and board, free attendants passage, and wages of $17.50 per month. No undergo necessary. Harvey wanted to attendants them his way. But would they come?
They came like gangbusters. In the recent nineteenth century, opportunities for the duration of women were exceptionally limited. The only apt positions were as teachers, servants, dressmakers, or works workers. Not merely was being a Harvey filly an opportunity to forge tremendous shekels, it was an opportunity due to the fact that adventure. But being a Harvey sheila was not easy.
The standards agreed away Harvey were rigid. Beginning, they were actuality a 6, 9, or 12 month undertake during which repeatedly they were not allowed to marry. If they did, they would be financially penalized at hand half of their income and bow to their wanderings privileges. The dormitories were confining, with a strain mammy overseeing the girls and a curfew of 10 pm every night. If you hard up curfew 3 times, you were summarily fired and sent home. The training process was a grueling 30 days of culture stern cleanliness, grooming and victuals accommodation without pay. The training era was finicky and stressful, but innumerable women spoke of how the ordeal gave them self-assurance and poise.
They were trained in the Harvey way. Because of the school schedule, timing was incredibly important. When the caravan arrived in the garrison, the prime course was already on the table. One live-in lover came through and took tipple orders as another was pure behind her pouring. A procedure of coffee cup emplacement was the key to communication. As the cardinal direction was being cleared, a overseer would come in with trays of steaming entrees which would be served close to the girls. Bounteous portions and seconds were the standard. And so was the timing. The trains alone stopped to go to 30 minutes and Harvey provided a sophisticated, delicious dining experience on a schedule.
Cleanliness was also a indicator to success. If they weren’t busy, the girls were expected to be cleaning; their passenger station, polishing polished or insolence, folding napkins or dusting. In gall and wormwood of the dust and dirt of the West, Harvey Houses were known seeing that their pure tidiness. This included the girls’ uniforms. They were expected to be clean-cut, spotless and ironed. If they got dirty during a look after, they were expected to transformation uniforms immediately. Gum chewing was land for dismissal. Harvey himself would exhort rock inspections and literally knock off a wan glove test.
Harvey’s chefs were also the best. When Fred Harvey traveled, he would sample to allure away the chef anytime he had a magic meal. He paid his people grandly and believed in the finest distinction ingredients. The chefs had the officials to manufacture their own menus and pay out handsomely for supplies and produce. Not unequal to prodigious restaurants today, Harvey Houses had the original choice and the most excellently rig out of provisions and brisk vegetables. Thus, they had the ability to provide diners with earliest rate meals.
Harvey was also a believer of promoting men and women from within. Varied women started evasion as a waitress, became chairperson waitress, and some to became managers. Another in the pipeline he emphasized reverence and respectability was in the prestige he chose during his stay staff. His girls were not till hell freezes over referred to as waitresses. Rather, they were known by way of and proud to be called Harvey Girls. Being a Harvey Girl meant poise, bearing, and independence.
Fred Harvey invented the restraint restaurant, but more importantly, he and his girls civilized the West. Not only did they provide a usefulness to the travelers and the communities through their restaurants and mere air, they became the prevalent of amiability and dining. Many Harvey girls did find marriage and adventure. Diverse had lifelong, fascinating careers in Harvey’s empire that would obtain been unresolvable stand behind East. Some paid as a service to college and went on to develop professionals in other careers. No matter what paths they set up themselves on, the Harvey Girls became the matriarchs of the Public Relations.
When Fred Harvey died in 1901, his empire included 15 hotels, 47 restaurants, and 30 railroad dining cars. At its mountain top, the Harvey House restaurants were the most successful in the country, with 100 locations, and provided the Santa Fe Railroad with the marketing tool and stand for to evolve into the largest commuter following band in the Connected States. During both World Wars, the Harvey House was of service in providing meals to the troops being moved across the rural area on trains. But the Wright brothers, the automobile, and the Great Depression led to the demise of the empire. Prime dining and urbanity in the West are legacies that Fred Harvey and his Girls bequeathed us all.